The role of social capital in promoting social health of women in Yazd
alireza
afshani
Faculty of Social Sciences Yazd University
author
hamideh
shiri mohamdabadi
Faculty of Social Sciences Yazd University
author
text
article
2018
per
One of the social determinants of social health is social capital, which promotes and encourages collective actions and relationships among people in society. The present research studies the relationship between social capital and social health. This research is a cross-sectional survey. The statistical population includes all 18-60 years old women in Yazd. Using Cochran's formula, 288 people were selected by proportional cluster sampling (PPS) and analyzed by Keyes’ social health standard questionnaire (1998) and a researcher-made social capital questionnaire. To analyze the data, descriptive analysis (mean, standard deviation, minimum score, maximum score) and inferential analysis (Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression) were used. Pearson correlation and stepwise regression analysis showed that there is a significant and direct relationship between social capital (and its dimensions) and social healthThe current study examines the relationship between social capital and social health. The present study is a cross-sectional survey and the statistical population included all women aged between 18 and 60 from the City of Yazd. Using Cochran’s formula, 228 individuals were selected through probability-proportional-to-size cluster sampling method (PPS). Keyes’s social health questionnaire (1998) and the author-designed questionnaire of social capital were employed to study the sample. The descriptive analysis (mean, standard deviation, minimum score, maximum score) and inferential analysis (Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression) were used to analyze data. The results of Pearson correlation and stepwise regression indicated that social capital and its dimensions had a significant and direct relationship with social health.
Women Studies
IHCS
2383-0743
8
v.
22
no.
2018
1
20
https://womenstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_2992_4b5c6bdf98b26757be96db5361974777.pdf
Representation of gender role in electoral campaign of Tehran City Council in 1396
zahra
zaree
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شرق
author
text
article
2018
per
The gender role is the appropriate cultural behaviors and attitudes for women and men. In this research, the features of its representation in Tehran city council in 2012 have been investigated. The theoretical framework of this research is based on three theories: Bem's gender schema, persuasion, and Agenda-setting theory. This research has been done using quantitative content analysis method and the representation of 60 features or attributes of the Bem’s gender role questionnaire have been evaluated in a range of 0 to 3. The statistical population includes posters of Tehran city council candidates in 2012 and a sample of 50 advertising posters selected by purposeful sampling. According to the results of this study, women and men candidates, regardless of femininity or masculinity, attempted to avoid representing negative values, and to represent the qualifications that make them most eligible for the membership of the city council. However, male posters received higher masculinity scores and women posters received higher femininity scores. It seems that the border between feminine and masculine features is diminishing due to the use of effective non-gender traits in advertising. The role of gender in behavior and cultural attitudes is appropriate for women and men. In this research, the features of its representation in the council of Tehran in the year 1396 have been investigated. The theoretical framework of this research is based on three theories: Agenda-setting, persuasion, and Bam's Gender Scheme.This research has been done using quantitative content analysis method and the representation of 60 features or attributes of the Bam Sexual Role Questionnaire has been evaluated in a range of 0 to 3. The statistical population includes posters of constituents of the Tehran City Council in 2017, and a samples wereof 50 posters selected through purposeful sampling. The role of Bam's sexual role questionnaire is construct validity and its reliability in this research has been investigated by the use of content analysis method by two other referees.According to the results of this study, candidate women and men have made every effort to avoid negative traits regardless of femininity or masculinity, and to further characterize the qualifications that more strongly justify their eligibility for membership of the city council. . Men's posters, however, have a higher masculinity score and women posters have received higher femininity scores.
Women Studies
IHCS
2383-0743
8
v.
22
no.
2018
21
35
https://womenstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_2994_ef9d9e283ecdabc22476f7a7424fcfd6.pdf
The Analysis of policy patterns and Iran's Social Policy naking changes in the field of "maternal / Employment"
rahela
kardavani
دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
author
aliakbar
taj ahmazyani
دانشکده علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
author
ezat alsadat
mirkhani
دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
author
sayed mehdi
sajadi
دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
author
text
article
2018
per
The field of ‘Maternal employment’ refers to the simultaneity of maternal and occupational roles for women, which can be considered in many ways and requires management. Government policies in order to facilitate maternal employment are under the category of ‘social policy’ that is one of the tools in social risk management and is a response to the needs of specific groups. This research has been conducted with the aim of understanding the developments and patterns of social policies in the field of ‘maternal employment’ using qualitative content analysis method. The most important results of this research are: 1. the Iran policy in this field has been considered as one of the most important tools for population adjustment in the last four decades due to the change of facilities provided according to the number of children. 2. Policies in this area have been dilatory. 3. Facilitation policies in Iran provided services to protect employed mothers who breastfeed their child. However, increasing the tendency toward consumption of baby formula and its relationship with maternal facilitation policies could indicate a lack of proper implementation of relevant policies. 4. Patterns of policy making in Iran in ‘population’ and ‘care’ indicators, have been multifaceted and mainly towards the promotion and consolidation of the model of ‘breadwinner man/ caregiver woman’. The Field Of "Maternal / employment" refers to the simultaneous roles of motherhood and Employment for women that needs to devise and macro management. Government policies in order to facilitate this are under the category of "social policy" that is one of the tools in social risk management and respond to the needs of specific groups. This research is done in qualitative content analysis and is used thematic analysis technique.The population studied is all of the rules and regulations adopted by the competent authorities from Islamic Revolution to present. The results of this study are: 1. Iran's policy in the field of "Maternal / employment" was the most important adjustment tools population and culture of the rule of Iran's population in the past four decades, 2. The policy in this field was delays and late, 3. Flexibility and balance the politics with the leading groups in childbearing, lifestyle changes and technical advances, isُnt the adequacy and sufficiency, 4. The patterns of policies to suit of demographic trends, the process of privatization or outsourcing of the government and a change of government or the executive management of the country have different forms, in different periods.
Women Studies
IHCS
2383-0743
8
v.
22
no.
2018
37
64
https://womenstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_2995_b71030cb51650d1fe456cbc86e0e382f.pdf
financial corruption and women employment in selected countries
saeed
karimi
دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری دانشگاه بابلسر
author
mohamad taghi
gilak hakim abadi
دانشگاه مازندران بابلسر، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری
author
zahra
nabati
دانشگاه مازندران بابلسر، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری
author
text
article
2018
per
The destructive effects of financial corruption have led researchers to identify coping strategies to control them. In this regard, the present paper seeks to examine the effect of women's employment in the public sector on financial corruption. To this end, using the statistical data of 45 selected countries including Iran during the period 2002-2013, the effect of the relative share of women's employment in the total employment of the public sector, along with other influential variables such as rule of law, degree of openness and GDP per capita, on the dependent variable of financial corruption is studied. The results show that an increase in the relative share of women's employment in the general employment of the general sector reduces financial corruption. This confirms the hypothesis of this research. Therefore, as a strategy for coping with and controlling corruption, increasing the relative share of women's employment in the public sector can be considered. The results also show that the effect of the degree of openness of the economy on the negative financial corruption index and the effect of GDP per capita and rule of law on it is positive and significant and leads to a reduction of corruption.The damaging effect of financial corruption has led to the identification and control strategies that are of interest to researchers. The paper attempts to make an impact on womens employment in public sector corruption to be investigated. For this purpose, using data from 45 selected countries including Iran in the period 2002 to 2013 the relative share of female employment in total employment impact of the public sector along with other influential variables including the rul of low, openness and GDP per capita on the dependent variable studied is corruotion.The results of the estimated model using panel data econometrics reflects an increase in the relative share of female employment in total employment reduced public sector corruption. That means approved the research hypothesis. Therefor, it is suggested to tackle and control corruption in the public sector to increase womens contribution. The results show that the impact on GDP per capita and the rul of low and reduce corruption index is positive and significant corruption is involved. Also similar to other empirical studies of corruption increasing degree of openness.
Women Studies
IHCS
2383-0743
8
v.
22
no.
2018
65
81
https://womenstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_2996_fa0d72cd2bec13c915c118dc30bf7c60.pdf
Meta-analysis of the factors influencing violence against women
mohsen
niyazi
دانشگاه کاشان
author
hadi
afra
دانشگاه کاشان
author
azam
nejadi
دانشگاه کاشان
author
ayoob
sokhaii
دانشگاه کاشان
author
text
article
2018
per
Family violence against women is a developmental issue in personal relationships in the modern age, and has become a fundamental and cross-cultural issue that has inspired many studies since 1970s. Hence, it is so important to do syntactic research in order to present the gist of existing researches in a systematic way. The purpose of this study is to apply meta-analysis to analyze and combine the results of studies on gender socialization and the experiences of violence in childhood along with violence against women. According to meta-analysis criteria, 11 papers for gender socialization and 8 papers for childhood violence were selected from among 45 papers published in databases during the years 1395-1385. They were evaluated using meta-analysis software. Early studies indicate the heterogeneity of the size of the effect and the non-bias of the publication of studies. Also, the size of the impact of gender socialization and the experience of violence in childhood with violence against women is 0.449 and 0.057 respectively, which is moderately high in terms of the Cohen interpretative system. Considering gender as a moderating variable, the coefficient in the first variable for males was (0.513) higher than women (0.422) and coefficient in the second variable for women (0.521) higher than men (0.490). The evolutionary expectations of personal relationships in the modern age, violence against women in the family environment and becoming a fundamental and transversal issue that has inspired many studies since the 1970s. Hence, it is very important to do combined research to provide the existing research excellence in a systematic manner. The purpose of this study is to apply meta-analysis to analyze and combine the results of studies on gender socialization and the experiences of violence in childhood with violence against women. According to meta-analysis criteria, 11 articles for gender socialization and 8 articles for childhood violence were selected from among 45 articles published in databases during the years 1395-1385. They were evaluated using meta-analysis software. Early studies indicate the heterogeneity of the size of the effect and the non-bias of the publication of studies. Also, the size of the impact of gender socialization and the experience of violence in childhood with violence against women is 0.449 and 0.057 respectively, which is moderately high in terms of the Cohen interpretative system. Considering gender as a moderating variable, the coefficient in the first variable for males was (513/0) higher than women (422/0) and in the second variable for women (521/0) higher than men (0.490)
Women Studies
IHCS
2383-0743
8
v.
22
no.
2018
83
104
https://womenstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_2997_f53d740ce8aab00678bec54c45eb9e8c.pdf
Sociological Identification and Explanation of Violence Against Women in Cyber Space (Case Study: Women 20-45 years old in Tehran)
bahare
hematpoor
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی
author
reza
ali mohseni
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی
author
amir masood
mazaheri
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی
author
text
article
2018
per
Using a survey method the present study aims to offer a sociological explanation of violence in cyberspace against 20-45 years old Tehranian women. In the theoretical framework, theories of scholars such as Hirschi, Merton, Bandura, Peterson and Danseley have been used. The sample size, 386 peoples, has been selected based on Cochran's formula and studied by multistage cluster sampling. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made and standardized questionnaire. After verifying their constructive and formal validity by the experts, the reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.79). The findings indicate that as women social participation and family attachment increases the violence against women is reduced and an increase in online addiction resulting in an increase in violence. The results of regression analysis also indicate that the social participation variable affecting violence against women more than other variables.The present study was conducted with the purpose of sociological explanation of violence against women in cyberspace among women aged 20 to 45 in Tehran, using a survey method. In the theoretical framework, theories of scholars such as Hirschi , Merton, Bandura , Peterson and Danseley have been used. Based on Cochran's formula, the sample size is 386 people who have been selected and studied by multistage cluster sampling. The data gathering was a researcher-made and standardized questionnaire. After verifying their constructive and formal validity by the experts, the reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.79) and used Is. The findings of the hypothesis test about the relationship between variables indicate that, along with the increase in women's social participation and the family attachment, violence against women decreased And with the increase of online addiction, violence increases and there is a direct relationship between reconciling peer groups and achieving legitimate goals.The results of regression analysis also indicate that the social participation variable is more than other variables affecting violence against women.
Women Studies
IHCS
2383-0743
8
v.
22
no.
2018
105
131
https://womenstudy.ihcs.ac.ir/article_2998_917ce6103c1c5388167d6bdbd28d1007.pdf