بررسی الگوی مشارکت اقتصادی زنان در بازار کار

زعفرانچی, لیلا سادات

doi:10.30465/ws.2021.5775

بررسی الگوی مشارکت اقتصادی زنان در بازار کار "با تمرکز بر ویژگیهای فردی و خصوصیات خانوار"

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسنده

لیلا سادات زعفرانچی

پژوهشگاه عوم انسانی

10.30465/ws.2021.5775

چکیده

در پژوهش حاضر الگوی مشارکت اقتصادی زنانِ متاهل با استفاده از اطلاعات خُرد، مقطعی و مبتنی بر داده‌های مرکز آمار ایران برگرفته از طرح هزینه-درآمد خانوار کشور در سال 1397 برآورد شده است. عوامل موثر بر مشارکت اقتصادی زنان متاهل، مطابق با ادبیات نظری در سه زیر مجموعه شامل: ویژگیهای فردیِ زنان ، خصوصیات خانوار (اجتماعی- اقتصادی) و نیز منطقۀ جغرافیایی سکونت (شهری/ روستایی) بررسی شده‌اند. نمونۀ آماری شامل 29715 نفر از زنان متاهل و ساکن در مناطق شهری و روستایی کشور و تخمین الگو با استفاده از روش پروبیت(Probit) صورت گرفته است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد اصلی‌ترین عامل موثر بر افزایش احتمال مشارکت اقتصادی زنانِ متاهل مربوط به دارا بودن تحصیلات دانشگاهی است. احتمال مشارکت اقتصادی زنانِ متاهل با افزایش سن تا مرز 48 سالگی افزایش یافته و سپس کاهش می‌یابد. احتمال مشارکت اقتصادی زنانِ متاهل در مناطق روستایی بیش از مناطق شهری گزارش می‌شود. ویژگیهای اقتصادی خانوار از جمله دسترسی به درآمدهای غیر کاری(متفرقه) شوهران و نیز مالکیت منزل مسکونی به عنوان دو عامل موثر بر منابع درآمدی و هزینه‌‌ای در خانوار، بر کاهش احتمال مشارکت بازاری زنانِ متاهل تاثیر گذار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

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چکیده [English]

In the present study, the model of economic participation of married women has been estimated using cross sectional, micro-data which is extracted of cost-income statistics of the country's household by Statistics Center of Iran, in 2018 . According to the theoretical literature of this field, the factors affecting the economic participation of married women are considered following three sub-categories: individual characteristics of women, household characteristics (socio-economic) and geographical area of residence (urban / rural). The statistical samples include 29,715 married women living in urban and rural areas of the country and the sample is estimated using the probit model.
The results show that the main factor influencing the increase in the probability of economic participation of married women is related to university education. The probability of economic participation of married women increases with age up to 48 years old and then decreases.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

مشارکت اقتصادی
زنان متاهل
ویژگیهای فردی و خانوادگی
روش پروبیت

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