Typology of Women Social Entrepreneurs based on the Classification of Personal Values System; Case of study: Women Social Entrepreneurs of Tehran

Document Type : -

Authors

1 Sociology graduate of Azad University, Science and Research Department; Tehran Iran.

2 Assistant Professor at the Institute of Social and Cultural Studies of the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology; Tehran Iran

10.30465/ws.2024.49163.4145

Abstract

"Social entrepreneurship" is an interdisciplinary concept that has been proposed in the fields of management, economics, psychology and sociology, and it can be a suitable solution for solving social problems and a stimulus for social changes and economic development. These types of entrepreneurs play a key role in promoting social entrepreneurship, but there is not enough data about their personal values, especially in Iran. This research, by using the qualitative approach and content analysis of the themes of semi-structured interviews with 17 female entrepreneurs, has analyzed the issue of ethnography of women social entrepreneurs in Tehran based on the formulation of the personal value system.
Based on this, the findings indicate that the most important values of women social entrepreneurs are caring for others, improving the standard of living of others, preserving the environment, self-leadership, willingness to change, conservatism and power seeking. These values show the contradictions between individualistic and collectivist values in these women. The values of individualism and collectivism in women social entrepreneurs are relative and help to develop their self-awareness, self-confidence, purposefulness and conscious agency. Based on these values, four types of conservative social entrepreneurs, action researchers, meaning-based, and honorable professionals can be identified.

Keywords


آراستی، زهرا و طرزمنی، الناز. (1392). چگونگی تغییر نقش شبکه­های اجتمای زنان کارآفرین از مرحله­ی نوپایی تثبیت: مورد مطالعه بخش صادرات. توسعه کارآفرینی، دوره شماره 4، زمستان 1392، از ص 1-19.
اشتری مهرجردی، اباذر، (1401). تحلیل اجتماعی زیست‌بوم استارت‌آپی ایران، نشریه میان رشته‌ای در علوم انسانی. شماره 49.
ذکایی، محمد سعید (1399). «هنر انجام پژوهش کیفی از مسئله یابی تا نگارش». تهران: نشر آگاه.
رستمی، فرحناز، گراوندی، شهپر، زرافشانی، کیومرث. (1390). پدیدارشناسی تجربیات دانشجویان در تاسیس کسب ‌و کار (مطالعه موردی: دانشجویان پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه). فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی توسعه کارآفرینی, 4(4), 87-105.
Arieli, S., Sagiv, L., & Roccas, S. (2020). Values at work: The impact of personal values in organisations. Applied Psychology69(2), 230-275.
Cherrier, H., Goswami, P. and Ray, S. (2017), “Social entrepreneurship: creating value in the context of
institutional complexity”, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 86, pp. 245-258.
Beutel, A. M., & Marini, M. M. (1995). Gender and values. American sociological review, 436-448.
Borquist, B. R. (2020). The Context and Enactment of Faith-Based Social Entrepreneurship.
Borquist, B. R., & de Bruin, A. (2019). Values and women-led social entrepreneurship. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship11(2), pp: 146-165.
Chattergee, I., Cornelissen, J., Wincent, J., 2021.Social entrepreneurship and values work: The role of practices in shaping values and negotiation change. Journal of Business Venturing 36 (2021)106064.
Chell, E. 2007. “Social Enterprise and Entrepreneurship. Towards a Convergent Theory of the Entrepreneurial Process.” International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship 25 (1): 5–26. doi:10.1177/0266242607071779.
Dimitriadis, S., Lee, M., Ramarajan, L., & Battilana, J. (2017). Blurring the boundaries: The interplay of gender and local communities in the commercialization of social ventures. Organization Science28(5), 819-839.
Hsu, C. H. (2022). Work and fertility in Taiwan: how do women’s and men’s career sequences associate with fertility outcomes? Longitudinal and Life Course Studies13(3), 380-411.
Keyt, J. C., Yavas, U., & Riecken, G. (2002). Comparing donor segments to a cause-based charity: The case of the American Lung Association. Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector Marketing10(2), 117-134.
Martusewicz, R. A. (2013). Say me to me: Desire and education. In Learning desire (pp. 97-113). Routledge.
Povey, E. R. (2001). Feminist contestations of institutional domains in Iran. Feminist Review69(1), 44-72.
Robinson, P., D. Stimpson, J. C. Huefner, and H. K. Hunt. 1991. “An Attitude Approach to the Prediction of Entrepreneurship.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 15(4): 13–32. doi:10. 1177/104225879101500405.
Sadrnabavi, F., & Daneshvar, H. (2022). Lived experiences of successful women entrepreneurs (SMEs) in Iran: a feminist phenomenological study. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, (ahead-of-print).
Sarfaraz, L., & Faghih, N. (2011). Women’s entrepreneurship in Iran: a GEM based-data evidence. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research1(1), 45-57.
Sengupta, A., Datta, S. K., & Mondal, S. (2013). Women’s entrepreneurial abilities: a study in the Indian informal service sector. The Journal of Entrepreneurship22(2), 223-243.
 
Schwartz, S. H. 2003. European Social Survey Core Questionnaire Development – Chapter 7: A Proposal for Measuring Value Orientations across Nations. London: European Social Survey, City University London.
Schwartz, S.H. (1994), “Are there universal aspects in the structure and contents of human values?”, Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 50 No. 4, pp. 19-45.
Tlaiss, H.A. (2014), “Women’s entrepreneurship, barriers and culture: insights from the United Arab.