Protestant Reformers and Attitudes toward Women and Family

Haddadi, Behrooz

doi:10.30465/ws.2021.31307.3026

Protestant Reformers and Attitudes toward Women and Family

Document Type : -

Author

behrooz Haddadi

Zan, Adyn University. Qom, iran

10.30465/ws.2021.31307.3026

Abstract

Abstract: In the history of Christianity, women have been an essential element in the development of churches and, just like figures in the Old Testament such as Deborah and Esther, in the New Testament, women have played a significant role in the spread of Christianity, and scholars have spoken of the sensitive role of capable and courageous women, but history, as always, has failed to represent their role. The Question here is how the Protestant reformers looked at on the issue of women and family. The fact is, however, that religious reformers have made many changes in the Christian intellectual system, and although some of their ideas on the interpretation of the Bible, as well as the priesthood of all believers and the spiritual freedom of believers are direct and indirect. It changed the issue of women and family, but they lacked projects in this area like other fields such as attitudes toward other religions and religious tolerance and human freedoms, and all their intellectual changes were within the traditional paradigm of the Middle Ages, not as expected. And so in matters such as full human equality, inferiority and dependence, and obedience to man, a long way remains.

Keywords

References

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Protestant Reformers and Attitudes toward Women and Family

References

Aquinas, Thomas) 1964.( Summa Theologiae. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode.

Arts, Sam, “Calvin, Nature, and Women”, Priscilla Papers, Vol. 27, No. 2 Spring 2013 https://www.cbeinternational.org/resource/article/priscilla-papers-academic-journal/calvin-nature-and-women

Bainton, R. ) 1950(.Here I Stand: A Life of Martin Luther. New York: New American Library.

Bainton, R. H. 2001. “Katharine von Bora.” Women of the Reformation in Germany and Italy. Minneapolis: Augsburg Publishing House.

Blasdell, Catherine (1982). “Calvin’s Letters to Women: The Courting of Ladies in High Places,” Sixteenth Century Journal 13 67–84.

Calvin, John (1846). Institutes of the Christian Religion, trans. John Allen, 6th ed., 2 vols. Philadelphia: Presbyterian Board of Publication.

de Beauvoir, Simone(1997). The Second Sex, New York, NY: Vintage.

Gonzalez, Justo L (2010). The Story of Christianity. New York, HarperOne.

Karant-nunn, Susan (2003). Luther on Women, UK: Cambridge University Press.

King, Margaret L (2016). Reformation thought: an anthology of sources.Hackett Publishing.

Kolb, Robert (2009). Martín Luther the Confessor of Faith. Oxford University Press.

Luther, Martin (1958). Commentary on Genesis, trans. J. Theodore Mueller. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan.

Luther, Martin, An Open Letter to the Christian Nobility. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/34904/34904-8.txt

Meister, Chad (2010). Christian Thought: A Historical Introduction, Rutledge.

Potter, Mary (1986). “Gender Equality and Gender Hierarchy in Calvin’s Theology” Journal of Women and Culture and society, Vol. 11, Chicago university Press.

Rigby, Cynthia (2004). “Protestantism and Feminism” The Blackwell Companion to Protestantism, Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Vorster, Nico , "John Calvin on the Status and Role of Women in Church and Society" The Journal of Theological Studies, Volume 68, Issue 1, https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/flw201

Volume 12, Issue 37 - Serial Number 37
September 2021
Pages 85-112

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Protestant Reformers and Attitudes toward Women and Family

References

Aquinas, Thomas) 1964.( Summa Theologiae. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode.

Arts, Sam, “Calvin, Nature, and Women”, Priscilla Papers, Vol. 27, No. 2 Spring 2013 https://www.cbeinternational.org/resource/article/priscilla-papers-academic-journal/calvin-nature-and-women

Bainton, R. ) 1950(.Here I Stand: A Life of Martin Luther. New York: New American Library.

Bainton, R. H. 2001. “Katharine von Bora.” Women of the Reformation in Germany and Italy. Minneapolis: Augsburg Publishing House.

Blasdell, Catherine (1982). “Calvin’s Letters to Women: The Courting of Ladies in High Places,” Sixteenth Century Journal 13 67–84.

Calvin, John (1846). Institutes of the Christian Religion, trans. John Allen, 6th ed., 2 vols. Philadelphia: Presbyterian Board of Publication.

de Beauvoir, Simone(1997). The Second Sex, New York, NY: Vintage.

Gonzalez, Justo L (2010). The Story of Christianity. New York, HarperOne.

Karant-nunn, Susan (2003). Luther on Women, UK: Cambridge University Press.

King, Margaret L (2016). Reformation thought: an anthology of sources.Hackett Publishing.

Kolb, Robert (2009). Martín Luther the Confessor of Faith. Oxford University Press.

Luther, Martin (1958). Commentary on Genesis, trans. J. Theodore Mueller. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan.

Luther, Martin, An Open Letter to the Christian Nobility. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/34904/34904-8.txt

Meister, Chad (2010). Christian Thought: A Historical Introduction, Rutledge.

Potter, Mary (1986). “Gender Equality and Gender Hierarchy in Calvin’s Theology” Journal of Women and Culture and society, Vol. 11, Chicago university Press.

Rigby, Cynthia (2004). “Protestantism and Feminism” The Blackwell Companion to Protestantism, Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Vorster, Nico , "John Calvin on the Status and Role of Women in Church and Society" The Journal of Theological Studies, Volume 68, Issue 1, https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/flw201

Volume 12, Issue 37 - Serial Number 37September 2021Pages 85-112

Files

History

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Volume 12, Issue 37 - Serial Number 37
September 2021
Pages 85-112