بررسی نقش سرمایه اجتماعی در تامین مالی و موفقت کسب وکارهای خانگی زنان

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه جامعه شناسی، دانشکدة ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 دکترای جامعه شناسی، دانشکدة ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

10.30465/ws.2023.39828.3462

چکیده

کسب‌وکارهای خانگی برای راه‌اندازی، در حین انجام و گسترش کار نیازمند منابعی برای تأمین مالی هستند. صاحبان این کسب‌وکارها، که اکثریت آنان زنان هستند، در دستیابی به منابع نهادهای رسمی مشکلاتی دارند، بااین‌حال، راه‌حل‌هایی برای تأمین مالی پیدا می‌کنند که عموماً ناشی از سرمایه‌های اجتماعی آنان است. هدف بررسی شیوه‌های تأمین-مالی این کسب‌وکارها و ارتباط آن‌ها با سرمایه اجتماعی و موفقیت آنهاست. این امر ابتدا با استفاده از مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختاریافته با زنانی که صاحبان کسب‌وکارهای موفق خانگی هستند و سپس در پیمایشی با صاحبان کسب‌وکارهای خانگی بررسی شد. مشخص شدکه در مرحله راه‌اندازی کسب‌وکار خانگی "روش تأمین خود راه‌انداز" و در ادامه برای گسترش از روش "تأمین مالی از طریق وام بانکی، صندوق و نهادهای حمایتی" و روش‌هایی که اتکای بیشتری بر سرمایه اجتماعی افراد دارد، استفاده می‌شود. پیمایش نشان داد که کسب‌وکارهای خانگی موفق نسبت به ناموفق‌ها از هر دو روش تأمین مالی بهره بیشتری برده‌اند و سرمایه اجتماعی بالاتری دارند، که به آن‌ها در بهره‌مندی بیشتر از روش‌های تأمین مالی کمک می‌کند. هرچه قدر سرمایه اجتماعی افراد افزایش می‌یابد دسترسی آن‌ها به منابع مالی دیگران از طریق قرض، پرداخت با تأخیر، وام و ... بیشتر می‌شود، به عبارتی آنان سرمایه اجتماعی را تبدیل به سرمایه اقتصادی می‌کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Examining the role of social capital in financing and success of women's home-based businesses

نویسندگان [English]

  • davood parchami 1
  • Fatemeh Jalali 2
1 Assistant Professor of Social Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University
2 Phd, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The owners of Home-based businesses, especially the majority of whom are women, face difficulties in acquiring resources from formal institutions such as banks, funds, and supportive institutions, Though they find solutions to finance and expand their businesses Which generally rely on their social capital. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the ways in which these businesses are funded and the relationship between these resources, social capital, and the success of Home-based businesses. At first, using semi-structured interviews with women who are the owners of successful Home-based businesses, and then using a survey with Home-based business owners. The study showed that these women are using "Bootstrap Financing" in their business start-up phase, including the use of their and other family members’ savings and valuable resources. To further expand the business they use bank loans, funds, and supportive institutions loans, Methods that rely on people's social capital. A survey of Home-based business owners showed that successful Home-based businesses more than unsuccessful ones have used both methods of financing and have higher social capital. As people's social capital increases, their access to other people's financial resources through borrowing, late payments, loans, etc. increases. they turn social capital into economic capital.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Home-based Business
  • Financing
  • Bootstrap Financing
  • Social Capital
  • Women Entrepreneurs
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